The term is derived from cervical (neck) plus lamina (part of the spinal canal's bony structure) and -ectomy (removal). In the operating room, a cervical laminectomy begins with an incision in the back of the neck. Through this opening, the surgeon will reach the area where the spinal cord and/or spinal nerve(s) are being compressed. The operation is performed to relieve pressure on one or more spinal nerve roots. This pressure, often called nerve root compression, is what often causes neck and arm pain.
The Operation of cervical spine laminectomy:
To perform a cervical spine laminectomy, an incision is made down the center of the back of the neck. The muscles are then moved to the side. The arteries and nerves in the neck are protected as well.
Once the spine is reached from the back, each vertebra is identified. Your surgeon will probably take an X-ray during surgery to make sure that the right vertebrae are being selected and the correct lamina removed. Once this is determined, the lamina of the affected vertebrae is removed. Any bone spurs that are found sticking off the back of the vertebra are removed as well. Great care is taken to not damage the spinal cord and nerve roots.
In the cervical spine, removing the lamina completely may cause problems with the stability of the facet joints between each vertebra. If the joints are damaged during the laminectomy, the spine may begin to tilt forward causing problems later. One way that spine surgeons try to prevent this problem is not to actually remove the lamina. Instead, they simply cut one side of the lamina and fold it back slightly. The other side of the lamina opens like a hinge. This makes the spinal canal larger, giving the spinal cord more room. The cut area of the lamina eventually heals to keep the spine from tilting forward.
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